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Yury Karpukhin

ARMY, LAW-ENFORCEMENT, RELIGION

AND SECURITY

In this article author takes an attempt to define the concept of law enforcement bodies, religious security and their legal expression at federal and regional levels. On the other hand, this article reveals place and role of army and law enforcement bodies in the Russian national security system of state bodies.

Tatyana Retunskaya

NECESSARY DEFENSE AS A CRIMINAL LAW

INSTITUTION

The article concerns such legal matters as the exceeding the time limit of necessary defence; the problem of confusing the lawful behaviour, which is similar to criminal, with the offence; the ban on using defensive measures against lawful actions; the ban on disturbance to the legislative process of state bodies. Also the subject is raised that it is not allowed to protect oneself from the person who acts in condition of necessary defence and it is not permitted to recognize the necessary defence in actions of the person who has provoked the offence.

Natalia Kosyakova

MAIN AND SECONDARY ECONOMIC SOCIETIES:

RESPONSIBILITY ISSUES

This article examines the daughter companies, which are founded by the so-called “mother companies” in order to raise the sustainability of business and to manage property risks.

The Russian legislation basically provides the possibility to lift the veil from the mother companies, i.e. to make them to be a debtor for daughter companies’ creditors. However, the analyses of judiciary and arbitral practice illustrates that creditors’ claims are left with no satisfaction owing to imperfection of private law norms which regulate these legal relations.

Sergej Zankovsky

LEGAL ASPECTS OF STATE REGULATION OF

PRIVATE ENTERPRISE IN MODERN RUSSIA

This article examines the basic directions of development of the legal mechanism of the state influence on the entrepreneurial activity. The author formulates a number of offers to improve the business legislation by the objective combination of public and private legal norms.

Irina Belyaeva

PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION

OF RESPONSIBILITY OF THE CONTRACT

PARTIES BY FINANCIAL LEASE

This article illustrates, that special legislatorial regulation of responsibility for improper discharge of an obligations by the leasing contract touches only some aspects. As for the applying of common responsibility regulation to the leasing, it doesn’t fully reinstall damaged parties’ interests. Introducing more detailed regulation of defense means by establishing the contracting responsibility would let to avoid problematic situations. Author suggests to include special norms in the 34th Chapter of Civil Code and in the Law on financial rent (leasing).

Yulia Tikhomirova

COURT DECISIONS IN CIVIL AND

ARBITRATION PROCEDURAL LAW AND THEIR

IMPLEMENTATION

This article is concentrated on the legal questions, dealt with the court order as one of the arts of court decisions. Author examines such aspects, as definition and essence of court decision, order of its adopting, its content, its parts and demands to the decision, its proprieties, its explanation and enforcement.

Yaroslava Kluchnikova

LEGAL PROBLEMS OF DETERMINATION OF

LIFELONG PERPETUAL MAINTENANCE WITH

DEPENDANT

This article illustrates that most of the life-long upkeep recipients motivate their claims for the annulment of the life-long upkeep contract with the fact that, concluding a treaty, they counted on the better terms of upkeep. These situations could be avoided by including to the contact full list of upkeep terms. In the future it is necessary to adopt an Act on the life-long upkeep contracts on the federal level.

Alexander Lavrov

OBJECT OF LEGAL RELATIONSHIP IN CASE

OF CIVIL RESPONSIBILITY INSURANCE

OF MOTOR VEHICLE OWNERSHIP

The subject of the article is about of main role object of legal relationship in case of civil responsibility insurance of motor vehicle ownership.

Gulnara Ruchkina

LEGAL REGULATION OF FINANCIAL

AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT OF SMALL

AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES

This article examines the basic forms of financial support of small and middle enterprises. The author puts her attention on the reasons interfering the effective crediting of enterprises. The article shows the necessity of state regulating in the procedures of interacting between financial bodies and businessmen. The author reveals basic directions of budget financing of small and middle enterprises.

Valentina Selukova

AUTONOMOUS AGENCIES AS A TYPE

OF STATE AGENCIES

The article considers the legal status of a new form of state institutions – an autonomous institution. The law states public character of activity for autonomous institutions, which are established for work and service to exercise legal powers of state bodies and local authorities in the field of science, education, health care, culture, social protection, population employment, physical training and sport. Also the legal status of autonomous institutions and features of financial provision are analyzed.

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Stanislav Timofeev

LEGAL REGULATION OF FOREIGN BANKS

PRIVATE ENTERPRISE ACTIVITIES IN RUSSIA

AND ABROAD

Clause is devoted to research of enterprise activity of the foreign banks which are carried out in territory of the Russian Federation and in some foreign countries, such as the Great Britain, France, Germany, and also in the European union.

In clause the rather-legal analysis of legal regulation of various institutes of bank activity in the foreign states is lead the basic directions, the purposes and problems of state regulation of activity of banks with participation of the foreign capital, in particular, are considered; powers of bodies of the government of Russia and foreign countries concerning control and supervision of activity of the foreign banks; the structure of bank systems is investigated and specificity of a legal status of foreign banks in bank sector of the various states.

Natalia Bandurina

LEGAL PROVISIONS OF AUDIT ACTIVITIES

IN RUSSIAN

In present clause problems of legal maintenance of audit under the legislation of the Russian Federation are considered.

The author investigates concept “auditor activity”, attributes of audit are allocated, corresponding characteristics of audit and auditor activity, the purpose of spent auditor check are formulated, some requirements, shown according to legislation of the Russian Federation to auditors and the auditor organizations are analyzed.

In essay some bases and ways of classification of audit, in particular, depending on executors of auditor check, its compulsion, time and the period of carrying out, an orientation, etc. also are resulted Oleg Tiunov

INTERNATIONAL SECURITY - CONDITIONS

OF LAW AND ORDER IN THE RELATIONSHIP

BETWEEN STATES IN 21ST CENTURY

Norms which the international security law consists of have the complex character. They cover common law norms and imperative complexes, e.G. basic principles of international law. At the same time, the law of international security deals with the questions of special nature, such as the measures on prevention of nuclear war, disarmament, self-defense and struggle against terrorism. Leaning on the international law in the branch of security, the states also use internal means which widens the possibilities of national security maintenance. The states’ cooperation in the sphere of the international security is one of the main elements of the international law order.

Andrej Morozov

INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS

OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION OF

INTERDEPARTMENTAL CHARACTER IN THE

SYSTEM OF LAW AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK

Legal system covers such components, as law, principles of legislature, law enforcement process etc. According to the Constitution of Russian Federation, international treaties also belong to its legal system. This also covers international treaties of federal executive bodies. However, it is possible to include them to Russian system of law under certain circumstances.

Alexander Zak

INTERNET CONTRACT MAKING:

WHAT TO DO IF THERE IS NO CORRESPONDING

LEGISLATION

This article is focused on the Russian e-commerce law. Despite the remarkable growth of the e-commerce market by volume, there still is no law on e-commerce in Russia. A sketch overview to the three existing bills on e-commerce and European legal experience in this area is given in order to predict the possible development of legal framework for e-commerce. The legal status of e-commerce is very questionable, primarily because of the lacking norms in the Russian Civil Code. Analyses of contemporary legislation bring to the conclusion, that at first glance there isn’t any possibility for legal contract-making on the Internet with no use of a digital signature. However, there are some theories which allow treating econtacts legally. The main part of the article explores the theoretical instruments constructing legal framework for e-commerce in contemporary Russia. Most of them, unluckily, conflict with the Russian law. Hence, the author proposes two ways to eliminate such a contradiction. The first one considers a number of actions, which the e-seller is advised to follow in order to achieve the legal acknowledgement of e-contact. On the contrary, the second one is the doctrinal proposal to spread the rules of machine sale in connection with the norms on usual business practice on the e-contracting.

Konstantin Fetisov

ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE AND LEGISLATION

This article reports about the digital documentation and its appropriate holding in order to provide the users with the possibility of contract-making and information exchange as well by the means of Internet as on the material sources. The main part of the article consists of the concentrated comparative analysis of Russian, European and American legislation in the sphere of appliance of hitech to identify the addressee and validate the digital documents.

The author also gives examples of the legal practice of foreign countries.

Тихомиров Ю.А.– доктор юридических наук, профессор первый заместитель директора Института законодательства и сравнительного правоведения Астахов П.А.– доктор юридических наук, профессор, член Московской городской коллегии адвокатов Попова Н.Ф. – доктор юридических наук, профессор кафедры публичного права ИЭУП РГГУ Левчук С.В. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры гуманитарного права Курскова Г.Ю. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры гуманитарного права ИЭУП РГГУ Шаповалов И.А. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры гуманитарного права ИЭУП РГГУ Земскова П.Е. – аспирант ИЗУП РГГУ Белоновский В.Н. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры публичного права ИЭУП РГГУ Карцхия А.А..– кандидат юридических наук, генеральный директор юридической компании СВИТЭК Крапчатова И.Н. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры уголовного права и процесса ИЭУП РГГУ Мишота В.А. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры уголовного права и процесса ИЭУП РГГУ Карпухин Ю.Г. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры экономико-управленческих дисциплин филиала РГГУ в городе Домодедово Косякова Н.И. – доктор юридических наук, профессор, декан юридического факультета ИЭУП РГГУ Занковский С.С. – доктор юридических наук, профессор, руководитель Центра предпринимательского права ИГП РАН Беляева И.А. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры частного права ИЭУП РГГУ Тихомирова Ю.В. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры частного права ИЭУП РГГУ Ключникова Я.А. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры частного права ИЭУП РГГУ Лавров А.М. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры частного права ИЭУП РГГУ Никулина И.В. – соискатель ИЭУП РГГУ Ручкина Г.Ф. – доктор юридических наук, профессор, зав.

кафедрой гражданского права Всероссийской государственной налоговой академии при Министерстве финансов РФ Селюкова В.В. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры финансового права ИЭУП РГГУ Тимофеев С.В. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой финансового права ИЭУП РГГУ Бандурина Н.В. – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры финансового права ИЭУП РГГУ Тиунов О.И. – доктор юридических наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, заслуженный юрист РФ, заведующий кафедрой гуманитарного права ИЭУП РГГУ Морозов А.Н. – научный сотрудник Института законодательства и сравнительного правоведения Зак А.Ю. – аспирант ИЭУП РГГУ, адвокат Московской областной коллегии адвокатов Фетисов К.А. – аспирант ИЭУП РГГУ